1. What is a “printed circuit board”?

2. PCB stands for Printed Circuit Board in English.

3. Typically, the conductive patterns created from printed circuits, printed components, or a combination of both on an insulating material following a predetermined design are referred to as printed circuits.

4. The conductive layout that facilitates electrical connections between components on an insulating substrate is termed a printed circuit.

5. Therefore, the printed circuit or the completed board of the printed circuit is known as a printed circuit board, which is also referred to as a printed circuit board or simply PCB.

6. PCBs are integral to electronic devices, found in everything from electronic watches and calculators to personal computers and communication equipment.


and military weapon systems. As long as there are electronic components like integrated circuits, electrical PCBs are used for interconnection. They provide mechanical support for the secure assembly of various electronic components, including integrated circuits, and facilitate wiring and electrical connections or insulation among them, while ensuring necessary electrical characteristics such as characteristic impedance. Additionally, they offer solder mask graphics for automated soldering and provide identification characters and graphics for component insertion, inspection, and maintenance.

How is a PCB made? When you open the keyboard of a general-purpose computer, you’ll find a piece of soft film (flexible insulating substrate) printed with silver-white (silver paste) conductive patterns and health indicators. This type of printed circuit board, achieved through standard screen printing techniques, is known as a flexible silver paste printed circuit board. The printed circuit boards found in various computer motherboards, graphics cards, network cards, modems, sound cards, and household appliances differ significantly. The substrates used in these boards are typically made from paper (usually for single-sided boards) or glass cloth (commonly for double-sided and multilayer boards), which are pre-impregnated with phenolic or epoxy resin. The surface is then laminated with copper and platinum on one or both sides before curing. This type of copper-clad material is referred to as a rigid board. When fashioned into a printed circuit board, it is known as a rigid printed circuit board. A board with printed circuit patterns on one side is classified as a single-sided printed circuit board, while one with patterns on both sides and double-sided interconnections through hole metallization is termed a double-sided board. If one double-sided board serves as the inner layer, flanked by two single-sided boards as the outer layers, or two double-sided boards as inner layers and two single-sided boards as outer layers, the resulting printed circuit board—interconnected according to design specifications—is known as a four-layer or six-layer printed circuit board, often referred to as a multilayer PCB. Presently, there are practical printed circuit boards with over 100 layers.

The PCB production process is quite complex, encompassing a wide array of operations, from basic mechanical processing to intricate mechanical tasks, along with common chemical reactions, photochemical, electrochemical, thermochemical processes, computer-aided design (CAM), and various other fields of knowledge. Furthermore, numerous process challenges arise during production, with new issues emerging regularly. Some problems may disappear without identifying their root causes. Due to the non-continuous nature of the production line, any issue at any stage can halt production entirely or lead to substantial waste; scrapped printed circuit boards cannot be recycled or reused. Consequently, the pressure on process engineers is quite high, leading many to leave the industry for roles in PCB equipment or material sales and technical services.
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