In electronic system PCB design, to avoid detours and save time, it is essential to fully consider and meet anti-interference requirements, preventing the need for remedial measures after the PCB design is completed. There are three basic elements that cause interference:

(1) **Interference Source** refers to the component, equipment, or signal that generates interference. Mathematically, it is described as follows: du/dt, with locations where di/dt is high identified as interference sources. For instance, lightning, relays, thyristors, motors, and high-frequency clocks can all act as sources of interference.

(2) **Propagation Path** refers to the route or medium through which interference travels from the source to the sensitive device. Typical interference propagation paths include conduction through wires and radiation from the surrounding environment.

(3) **Sensitive Devices** are objects that are easily disturbed. Examples include A/D and D/A converters, microcontrollers, digital ICs, and weak signal amplifiers.

The fundamental principles of anti-interference PCB design are to suppress interference sources, eliminate propagation paths, and enhance the anti-interference performance of sensitive devices. (This approach is akin to preventing infectious diseases.)

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