The substrate is made of glass fiber epoxy laminate, which is mainly used in communications equipment, electronic instruments, computers, and other precision electronic products. The advantage is the ability to design more complex circuits and high flexibility.
2. Double-sided PCB board
The substrate materials mainly consist of glass epoxy copper laminate, glass composite (glass composite) copper laminate, and paper epoxy copper laminate, which are widely used in personal computers, electronic instruments, multi-function phones, automotive electronic machinery, electronic peripherals, and electronic toys. Glass benzene resin copper laminate and glass polymer copper laminate are primarily used for communication machinery, satellite broadcasters, and mobile communication machines due to their exceptional high-frequency characteristics, albeit at a high cost.
3. Layer 3-4 PCB
The substrate is mainly composed of glass epoxy or benzene resin and is primarily used for personal computers, medical electronic equipment, measuring machines, semiconductor testing machines, CNC machine tools, electronic switches, communication machines, storage circuit boards, and IC cards. Glass composite copper plates are also used as multilayer PCB materials due to their excellent processing characteristics.
4. 6-8 layer PCB
The substrate material remains mainly glass epoxy or glass benzene resin and is utilized for electronic switches, semiconductor testing machines, medium-sized personal computers EWS (Engineering Work Station), and NC and other machines.
5. PCB boards with more than 10 layers
The substrate is mainly made of glass benzene resin or glass epoxy as the substrate material of multilayer PCB. These types of PCBs are primarily used in mainframes, high-speed computers, communication machines, and other specialized applications due to their excellent high-frequency and high-temperature characteristics.
6. Other PCB board substrate materials
Additional PCB substrate materials include aluminum substrate, iron substrate, and flexible PCBs made of polymer, polyester, and other materials. Flexible circuit boards are mainly used for moving parts such as cameras and OA machines, as well as the connection between hard and soft PCB boards. The connection combination mode has a diverse range of shapes due to its high elasticity.
PCB boards are categorized as single panel, double panel, and multilayer boards. When it comes to mastering PCB wiring skills, there are several key points to consider:
1. For connections of more than 3 points, the lines should pass through the points in the shortest distance possible.
2. Avoid placing lines between and around integrated circuit pins, especially between pins.
3. Lines between different layers should not be parallel whenever possible.
4. Wiring should be as straight or 45-degree angle as possible.
5. The grounding wire and power line should be at least 10-15mil.
6. Strive to keep the propagation of polylines and lines as neat as possible.
7. Pay attention to the uniform discharge of components for installation, plug-in, and welding operations.
8. Consider the structure of element emission and package SMD elements with positive and negative electrodes.
9. Ideally, use 6 mil line width, 8 mil line spacing, and 12/20 mil pad for wiring.
10. Try to group function block components together.
11. Use green oil for vias.
12. Avoid putting pads or empty seats on the battery holder when possible.
13. After wiring, carefully check whether each line is connected (can be lit).
14. Place oscillating circuit components as close to IC as possible and away from vulnerable areas such as antennas.
15. Consider reinforcement and hollowing out of components to avoid excessive radiation sources.
These are essential points to master when learning PCB board wiring skills. Do you understand them all?
