PCB Design Layout Concepts and Principles

Layout Concepts

When creating a PCB layout, it’s essential to consider the overall size of the PCB and the structural positioning of components. Pre-layout each circuit module based on signal and power flow direction, and then place components following the design principles of each module.

Basic Layout Principles

• Collaborate with stakeholders to meet structural, SI, DFM, DFT, and EMC requirements.
• Use structural diagrams to place key components with specific positioning needs.
• Designate no-route or no-layout zones based on component requirements.
• Balance PCB performance with manufacturing efficiency by selecting the appropriate process flow.
• Follow the pre-layout plan, placing large components first and then smaller ones.

Ensure the layout minimizes wiring length, separates signal types, and maintains proper distances between components. Adopt a symmetrical, modular layout when possible.

• Use a 50 mil grid size for layout and a 25 mil grid for IC device placement.
• Minimize wiring length between FM components and increase spacing for devices with large voltage differences.
• Secure components heavier than 15g with brackets before soldering.
• Consider heat dissipation for components generating significant heat.
• Design adjustable components with mechanical requirements in mind.

Post-Layout Check

After completing the layout, verify PCB size markings, component alignment, and compliance with manufacturing process requirements.

PCB Design Checklist:

• Verify components do not interfere in 2D or 3D space or with the structural enclosure.
• Ensure all necessary components are placed correctly.
• Check accessibility of components that require frequent plugging or replacement.
• Confirm adequate spacing between heat-sensitive parts and heat-generating elements.
• Ensure easy access to adjustable components and buttons for operation.
• Verify unobstructed location for mounting heatsinks or radiators.
• Ensure smooth signal flow and minimize interconnection lengths.
• Consider potential signal interference issues.
• Check compatibility between connectors and mechanical design.

If you have any PCB manufacturing needs, feel free to contact us.