1. Commonly used machines for PCBA processing include printing machines, glue dispensers, placement machines, reflow soldering machines, testing equipment, rework stations, and cleaning devices.
2. PCBA processing is part of an electronic manufacturing sector characterized by a significant degree of mechanical integration.
3. The increasing sophistication of processing machinery and enhancements in manufacturing techniques have consistently elevated the yield and efficiency of PCBA products.
4. The primary types of machinery utilized in PCBA processing include the following:
5. Printing machine.
1. The printer is positioned at the front of the PCBA processing line, primarily designed to apply solder paste or adhesive onto PCB circuit boards. The process involves aligning the stencil mesh of the printing machine with the PCB pads, allowing the solder paste or adhesive placed on the stencil to be transferred onto the PCB pads through the squeegee’s movement, preparing the board for component placement in the next stage.
2. Dispenser
The dispenser’s primary function is to apply solder paste or adhesive. It operates by dispensing a specific amount of glue or solder paste onto the designated area of the PCBA device using pressure from a vacuum pump. A key advantage of the dispenser is that it eliminates the need to change production fixtures during the process, significantly reducing production time and making it ideal for small batches and diverse product runs.
3. Mounter
The placement machine, also known as the mounter, is the central mechanical component in PCBA processing. Its main role is to accurately pick materials from designated locations based on pre-set criteria and place them correctly at specified sites. The efficiency and precision of PCBA processing largely depend on the speed and accuracy of the placement machine, making it the most technically complex and costly equipment in the PCBA workflow. The automatic placement machine integrates high-speed, high-precision, highly automated, and intelligent systems, combining advanced technologies from precision mechanics, electronics, pneumatics, optics, computing, and sensors.
4. Reflow soldering machine
The primary goal of the reflow soldering machine is to provide a stable and controlled heating environment that melts the solder pre-applied by the printer on the PCB, ensuring reliable adhesion between surface mount components and PCB pads through the solder paste.
5. Testing Equipment
X-ray detector
The main purpose of inspection equipment is to assess the assembly quality and integrity of the mounted PCBA. Key tools include magnifying glasses, microscopes, automatic optical inspection devices, inline testers, X-ray inspection systems, and functional testers. Depending on testing requirements, these devices are typically positioned after the production line.
6. Repair equipment
BGA rework station
The primary function of the rework equipment is to repair and rework PCBA finished products that have identified faults. Common tools include soldering irons and BGA rework stations.
7. Cleaning equipment
Ultrasonic cleaning machine
The role of cleaning equipment is to eliminate substances that may impair the electrical properties of processed PCBA products or harmful residues like flux. If using no-clean solder, cleaning is unnecessary. The cleaning process typically involves ultrasonic cleaners and specialized cleaning solutions (the cleaning fluid is a highly volatile flammable liquid, so safe usage is crucial).
2. PCBA processing is part of an electronic manufacturing sector characterized by a significant degree of mechanical integration.
3. The increasing sophistication of processing machinery and enhancements in manufacturing techniques have consistently elevated the yield and efficiency of PCBA products.
4. The primary types of machinery utilized in PCBA processing include the following:
5. Printing machine.
1. The printer is positioned at the front of the PCBA processing line, primarily designed to apply solder paste or adhesive onto PCB circuit boards. The process involves aligning the stencil mesh of the printing machine with the PCB pads, allowing the solder paste or adhesive placed on the stencil to be transferred onto the PCB pads through the squeegee’s movement, preparing the board for component placement in the next stage.
2. Dispenser
The dispenser’s primary function is to apply solder paste or adhesive. It operates by dispensing a specific amount of glue or solder paste onto the designated area of the PCBA device using pressure from a vacuum pump. A key advantage of the dispenser is that it eliminates the need to change production fixtures during the process, significantly reducing production time and making it ideal for small batches and diverse product runs.
3. Mounter
The placement machine, also known as the mounter, is the central mechanical component in PCBA processing. Its main role is to accurately pick materials from designated locations based on pre-set criteria and place them correctly at specified sites. The efficiency and precision of PCBA processing largely depend on the speed and accuracy of the placement machine, making it the most technically complex and costly equipment in the PCBA workflow. The automatic placement machine integrates high-speed, high-precision, highly automated, and intelligent systems, combining advanced technologies from precision mechanics, electronics, pneumatics, optics, computing, and sensors.
4. Reflow soldering machine
The primary goal of the reflow soldering machine is to provide a stable and controlled heating environment that melts the solder pre-applied by the printer on the PCB, ensuring reliable adhesion between surface mount components and PCB pads through the solder paste.
5. Testing Equipment
X-ray detector
The main purpose of inspection equipment is to assess the assembly quality and integrity of the mounted PCBA. Key tools include magnifying glasses, microscopes, automatic optical inspection devices, inline testers, X-ray inspection systems, and functional testers. Depending on testing requirements, these devices are typically positioned after the production line.
6. Repair equipment
BGA rework station
The primary function of the rework equipment is to repair and rework PCBA finished products that have identified faults. Common tools include soldering irons and BGA rework stations.
7. Cleaning equipment
Ultrasonic cleaning machine
The role of cleaning equipment is to eliminate substances that may impair the electrical properties of processed PCBA products or harmful residues like flux. If using no-clean solder, cleaning is unnecessary. The cleaning process typically involves ultrasonic cleaners and specialized cleaning solutions (the cleaning fluid is a highly volatile flammable liquid, so safe usage is crucial).
